Key Questions
The following key questions are answered in this module:
How do papermaking process additives differ from functional papermaking additives?
Process additives affect process operations on or near the machine, while functional additives directly improve properties of the sheet.
Where does "anionic trash" come from?
Anionic trash can enter the papermaking process in several ways. It can enter with the incoming fresh water, broke pulp, or purchased pulp, or with virgin slush pulp as residuals from pulping or bleaching operations.
Why is good retention important?
Improved retention decreases the fines concentration in the white water, improves drainage, decreases press felt filling, reduces sheet two-sidedness, improves additive efficiencies, and improves overall machine cleanliness.
What is the best pitch control additive for my machine?
In acid systems, alum can be used to attach pitch to fibers. In alkaline systems, dispersants can be used to prevent pitch from precipitating, or fillers can precipitate the pitch onto the furnish. Lowering calcium and magnesium levels, or adding chelating agents, can also help. The best approach must often be determined by trial and error.
What is the difference between a defoamer and an antifoamer?
A defoamer works by breaking down the foam, while an antifoamer prevents the foam from forming.