Key Questions
The following key questions are answered in this module:
What is a root cause?
A root cause is the most basic reason for the occurrence of a problem, and if eliminated, the problem will not recur.
What is a direct cause?
A direct cause of a problem is the initiating event immediately preceding an incident that appears to have directly caused the incident.
What is a contributing cause?
A contributing cause is a condition or event that may have increased the likelihood that a problem occurred, but if eliminated, will not prevent the problem from recurring.
Which root cause analysis methodology is best?
There is no single method that will work for all situations. Some common methodologies include: 5 whys, effects and causal factors analysis, change analysis, barrier analysis, and task analysis. Some problems may require the use of multiple methods.
What is confirmation bias?
For the best results, root cause analyses should be performed by a team instead of individuals. The team should include 5-7 people, including a problem solving expert, workers involved in the incident, a manager with decision making authority, and someone not connected to the incident for an unbiased perspective.