At the end of this module, you will be able to:
- Identify safety hazards and safety guidelines related to stock systems on paper and board machines, including pH control systems
- Define "consistency," "pH," "acid," "base" and "buffer"
- Identify the benefits of good consistency control
- Identify and describe the types of consistency transmitters
- Describe common consistency control strategies, including feedback, feedforward and cascade
- Describe the pH scale
- Describe pH measurement and control
- Describe the impact of pH on wet end chemistry
The following key questions are answered in this module:
Why is it important to control consistency in a paper or board machine stock system?
Consistency affects refining, screening, and cleaning operations in the stock system, and moisture and basis weight profiles, sheet formation, and vacuum levels on the machine, among other things. Therefore, it can significantly impact both product quality and machine runnability.
How is consistency controlled in a paper or board machine stock system?
Consistency is usually controlled by adjusting a dilution water flow into a stock flow.
What different control strategies are available to control consistencies in stock systems?
Some control strategies currently in use include feedforward, feedback, cascade, and a combination of cascade and feedforward. The strategy used depends on the stability of the stock flow and the dilution water supply.
Why is it important to control pH in paper and board machine stock systems?
Soluble ions affect pH and interfere with the surface charge interactions which dominate the interactions amongst stock constituents. Among other things, pH affects additive efficiencies, refining, and drainage and formation on the former.
How is pH controlled on a paper or board machine?
Acidic and caustic chemicals are typically used to control pHs on paper and board machines.
Below is a transcript of the video sample provided for this module:
There are three major technologies available to measure consistency. Inferred methods such as agitator motor load are also sometimes used. The major consistency measurement technologies are one, shear force, two, optical, and three, microwave. Shear force transmitters are commonly used to measure consistencies that are greater than 1.5%. In rotary type devices, the shear force is reflected as the torque required for the rotating propeller to maintain a constant speed. Blade-type consistency transmitters operate on the shear force it takes to pivot or shear the sensor blade through the stock. This force is then converted into a voltage and finally into an output.
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